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黑海

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俄罗斯夏都索契就位于黑海边，有黑海明珠之称，黑海是连接东欧内陆和中亚﹑高加索地区出地中海的主要海路，故此其战略地位非常重要。黑海航道是古代丝绸之路由中亚通往罗马的北线必经之路。尤其是对自17世纪开始崛起的沙俄王朝，黑海和波罗的海均是影响该国对欧洲联系的命脉。黑海是世界最深的内海之一。黑海本身很深，黑海从河流和地中海流入的水含盐度比较小，因此比较轻，它们浮在含盐度高的海水上。黑海是古地中海的一个残留海盆，古新世末期小亚细亚发生隆起，黑海与地中海分开，逐渐形成内海。

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